Reductive cleavage of the exocyclic ester of uk-2a or its derivatives and products formed therefrom

ABSTRACT

A process comprising reacting compound GF-I with a reducing agent to form compound GF-II wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of H, benzyl, substituted benzyl, CH 2 OC 1-8  alkyl, CH 2 OC 3-8  cycloalkyl, allyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetra-hydrofuranyl, substituted tetrahydropyranyl, substituted tetra-hydrofuranyl, Si(C 1-4  alkyl) 3 , and Si(Ph) x (C 1-4  alkyl) 3-x  where x is equal to 1, 2 or 3; and wherein said process is conducted: (a) in the presence of a reducing agent; (b) in the presence of an aprotic solvent; and (c) under reaction conditions; is provided. Additionaly, novel compounds produced therefrom are provided.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] This invention is related to the field of processes used to cleave an ester from a compound, and is also related to the field of compounds that may be used as fungicides, and is also related to the field of compounds that can be used to produce compounds that can be used as fungicides.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] UK-2A is a natural product having the following formula.

[0003] UK-2A is described in M. Ueki, et al. J Antibiot. 1996, 49, 639. While this compound has certain properties that make it useful in a variety of fields, currently, it is being investigated as a starting point for making compounds that have efficacy in the fungicide area.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0004] It is an object of this invention to provide a process to reductively cleave the exocyclic ester of UK-2A or its derivatives and to produce novel compounds, which are useful intermediates in the synthesis of biologically active materials.

[0005] In accordance with this invention a process is provided. Said process comprises reacting compound GF-I with a reducing agent to form compound GF-II. Additionally, novel compounds produced therefrom are claimed.

[0006] For the purposes of this application the following terms have the following meanings. The term “Ph” means phenyl. The term “Me” means methyl. The term “EtOAc” means ethyl acetate. The term “ppm” refers to parts per million. The term “psia” refers to pounds per square inch absolute. The term “m.p.” refers to melting point. Throughout this document, all temperatures are given in degrees Celsius (° C.), all percentages are weight percentages, all melting points are uncorrected, unless otherwise stated.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0007] In reaction GR-I

[0008] Y is selected from the group consisting of H, benzyl, substituted benzyl, CH₂OC₁₋₈ alkyl, CH₂OC₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, allyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, substituted tetrahydropyranyl, substituted tetrahydrofuranyl, Si(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₃, and Si(Ph)_(x)(C₁₋₄ alkyl)_(3-x) where x is equal to 1, 2, or 3.

[0009] The term “substituted benzyl” means a benzyl group having one or more substituents. The substituents on the ring of the substituted benzyl are called “Ring Substituents”. Ring Substituents are selected from the group consisting of halo (F, Cl, and Br), C₁₋₈ alkoxy, C₂₋₈ alkenoxy, C₅₋₈ cycloalkoxy, and phenyloxy. The substituents on the methylene carbon of the substituted benzyl are called “Methylene Substituents”. Methylene Substituents are C₁₋₃ alkyl. Each of the Ring and Methylene Substituents that have one or more hydrogens, may have one or more of such hydrogens replaced with a halogen (F, Cl, and Br).

[0010] The terms “substituted tetrahydropyranyl” and “substituted tetrahydrofuranyl” mean a tetrahydropyranyl or tetrahydrofuranyl substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halo (F, Cl, and Br), C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkoxy, C₂₋₈ alkenoxy, C₅₋₈ cycloalkoxy, and phenyloxy. Each of these substituents that have one or more hydrogens, may have one or more of such hydrogens replaced with a halogen (F, Cl, and Br).

[0011] Examples of silyl compounds include, but are not limited to, Si(t-Bu)Me₂, Si(Ph)Me₂, SiEt₃, and SiMe₃.

[0012] Currently, Y is preferably H or benzyl, with H being most preferred.

[0013] A reducing agent is used in reaction GR-I. Currently, any hydride with the correct reduction potential to remove the ester may be used. Suitable examples of such hydrides are: (1) R¹R²HAl; (2) R¹R²R³AlHM; and (3) R¹R²R³BHM. In these hydrides R¹, R², R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₈ alkyl, hetero C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkoxy, and hetero C₁₋₈ alkoxy. The term “hetero” in hetero C₁₋₈ alkyl and hetero C₁₋₈ alkoxy means a molecular structure containing 1-8 carbon atoms and 1-3 oxygen or sulfur atoms in the main chain of the molecular structure. Examples of these molecular structures include, but are not limited to, CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₂—, CH₃OCH₂CH₂OCH₂CH₂—, and CH₃CH₂SCH₂—, M is selected from the group consisting of Na, Li, K, Ca, Zn. Currently, it is preferred to use diisobutylaluminum hydride. Currently, it is preferred to have an excess of reducing agent to GF-I. It is more preferred to have about 3 to about 4 moles of reducing agent to GF-I depending upon Y. If Y is H it is preferred to have about 4 moles of reducing agent per mole of GF-I. If Y is not H it is preferred to have about 3 moles of reducing agent per mole of GF-I.

[0014] The reaction is conducted in an aprotic solvent. The solvent can be selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, dichloromethane, toluene, di(C₁₋₈ alkyl) ether, C₅₋₈ alkanes, C₃₋₈ cycloalkanes, 1,2-dichloroethane, benzene, substituted benzene, glyme, diglyme, or mixtures thereof. The term “substituted benzene” means a benzene substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halo (F, Cl, and Br), C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkoxy, C₂₋₈ alkenoxy, C₅₋₈ cycloalkoxy, and phenyloxy.

[0015] The reaction conditions comprise a temperature from about −80° C. to about 50° C., preferably about −25° C. to about 25° C. Currently, pressure is not considered to be critical and a pressure from about ambient to about 50 psia may be used. In general, it is best to run the reaction with the components substantially in the liquid state.

[0016] After the reaction is substantially complete, the product GF-II is recovered from the reaction mixture. This can be accomplished by first quenching the reaction by adding water, alcohol, ester, ketone, or an aldehyde (examples include, but are not limited to, methanol, ethyl acetate, and acetone). This is followed by using a mineral acid (examples include, but are not limited to, HCl and H₂SO₄) to promote separation of the reaction mixture components. This is then followed by extracting compound GF-II into an organic solvent. Examples of such organic solvent include, but are not limited to, EtOAc and methylene chloride.

EXAMPLES

[0017] These examples are provided to illustrate the invention. They are not meant to be construed as limiting the invention.

[0018] Natural product UK-2A (1) or the benzyl ether (2) were subjected to diisobutylaluminum hydride in methylene chloride (CH₂Cl₂) at reduced or ambient temperature to provide the des-isobutyryl derivatives 3 and 4.

Preparation of (3S, 6S, 7R, 8R)-8-benzyl-3-({[3-(benzyloxy)-4-methoxypyridin-2-yl]carbonyl}amino)-6-methyl-4,9-dioxo-1,5-dioxonan-7-yl 2-methylpropanoate (2)

[0019] Benzyl bromide (0.233 mol, 27.7 mL) was added to a solution of NaI (0.097 mol, 14.5 g) in acetone (1 L). Natural product UK-2A (1) (0.194 mol, 100 g) was added followed by powdered K₂CO₃ (0.388 mol, 53 g) and the mixture stirred vigorously overnight. The mixture was diluted with CH₂Cl₂ (500 mL) and washed with H₂O (2×500 mL). The organic layer was dried (MgSO₄), and concentrated in vacuo. Recrystallization (EtOAc/hexane) gave 95.5 g (79%) of 2 as an off-white solid (m.p. 169-170° C.) which contained ˜6.5% N-benzylated product (LC-MS). ¹H-NMR and MS (M+1 605) were consistent for the title compound (2). The compound was used in the next step without further purification. The N-benzylated by-product could be removed from the mixture prior to recrystallization by filtration of the crude reside through a plug of silica gel (30% acetone/hexane as the eluent).

Preparation of N-[(3S, 7R, 8R, 9S)-7-benzyl-8-hydroxy-9-methyl-2,6-dioxo-1,5-dioxonan-3-yl]-3-(benzyloxy)-4-methoxypyridine-2-carboxamide (4)

[0020] Diisobutylaluminum hydride (1.0 M in CH₂Cl₂, 24.8 mmol) was added dropwise to a −78° C. solution of (2) (8.27 mmol, 5.0 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (40 mL). The mixture was stirred an additional 15 min, quenched with EtOAc (200 mL) and warmed to ambient temperature. Hydrochloric acid (2N, 100 mL) was added slowly and stirred vigorously for 15 min. The layers were separated and the organic layer dried (MgSO₄) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by chromatography (1% acetic acid/acetone) to give 1.54 g (35%) of 4 as a glassy, white solid, m.p. 110-114° C. ¹H-NMR and MS (M+1 535) were consistent with the desired product.

Preparation of N-[(3S,7R,8R,9S)-7-benzyl-8-hydroxy-9-methyl-2,6-dioxo-1,5-dioxonan-3-yl]-3-hydroxy-4-methoxypyridine-2-carboxamide (3)

[0021] Diisobutylaluminum hydride (1.0 M in CH₂Cl₂, 23.3 mmol) was added dropwise to a 20° C. solution of natural product UK-2A (1) (5.8 imol, 3.0 g) in CH₂Cl₂ (60 mL). The mixture was stirred an additional 15 min and quenched with EtOAc (10 mL). Hydrochloric acid (2N, 100 mL) was added slowly and stirred vigorously for 15 min. The layers were separated and the organic layer dried (MgSO₄) and concentrated in vacuo to give 1.82 g (70%) of 3 as a foamy, light yellow solid. ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 11.82 (s, 1H), 8.63 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 1H), 8.01 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.32-7.20 (m, 5H), 6.89 (d, J=5.2 Hz), 5.35 (m, 1H), 5.16 (m, 1H), 4.86 (m, 1H), 3.96 (s, 3H), 3.76 (t, J=9.4 Hz, 1H), 3.62 (m, 1H), 3.25 (m, 1H), 3.02 (m, 1H), 2.77 (m, 1), 1.51 (d, J=6.3 Hz, 3H); ¹³C NMR (MHz, CDCl₃): δ 173.2, 170.2, 169.4, 155.8, 149.2, 141.1, 138.8, 130.3, 129.2, 129.0, 127.0, 110.1, 77.6, 77.2, 65.4, 56.5, 54.4, 50.3, 35.4, 18.7 ppm; IR (KBr pellet): 3370 (br), 2966, 1751, 1654, 1529, 1453, 1263, 1045, 801 cm⁻¹; Exact Mass: n/z calcd. for C₂₂H₂₄N₂O₈ [M]⁺=444.1533, found 444.1513. 

We claim:
 1. A process comprising reacting compound GF-I with a reducing agent to form compound GF-II

wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of H, benzyl, substituted benzyl, CH₂OC₁₋₈ alkyl, CH₂OC₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, allyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetra-hydrofuranyl, substituted tetrahydropyranyl, substituted tetrahydrofuranyl, Si(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₃, and Si(Ph)_(x)(C₁₋₄ alkyl)_(3-x) where x is equal to 1, 2, or 3; and wherein said process is conducted: (a) in the presence of a reducing agent; (b) in the presence of an aprotic solvent: and (c) under reaction conditions.
 2. A process according to claim 1 wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of H and benzyl
 3. A process according to claim 1 wherein said reducing agent has a general formula selected from the group consisting of R¹R²HAl, R¹R²R³AlHM or R¹R²R³BHM, and wherein R¹, R², R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₈ alkyl, hetero C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkoxy, and hetero C₁₋₈ alkoxy, and wherein the term “hetero” in hetero C₁₋₈ alkyl and hetero C₁₋₈ alkoxy means a molecular structure containing 1-8 carbon atoms and 1-3 oxygen or sulfur atoms in the main chain of the molecular structure, and wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Na, Li, K, Ca, and Zn.
 4. A process according to claim 1 wherein said reducing agent is diisobutylaluminum hydride
 5. A process according to claim 1 wherein an excess of reducing agent to GF-I is used.
 6. A process according to claim 1 wherein about 3 to about 4 moles of reducing agent to GF-I is used.
 7. A process according to claim 1 wherein Y is H and about 4 moles of reducing agent per mole of GF-I is used.
 8. A process according to claim 1 wherein Y is not H and about 3 moles of reducing agent per mole of GF-I is used.
 9. A process according to claim 1 wherein said aprotic solvent is selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, dichloromethane, toluene, di(C₁₋₈ alkyl) ether, C₅₋₈ alkanes, C₃₋₈ cycloalkanes, 1,2-dichloroethane, benzene, substituted benzene, glyme, diglyme, or mixtures thereof.
 10. A process according to claim 1 wherein said aprotic solvent is selected from the group consisting of dichloromethane, toluene, or mixtures thereof.
 11. A process according to claim 1 wherein said reaction conditions comprise a temperature from about −80° C. to about 50° C.,
 12. A process according to claim 1 wherein said reaction conditions comprise a temperature from about −25° C. to about 25° C.
 13. A process according to claim 1: (1) wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of H and benzyl; (2) wherein said reducing agent has a general formula selected from the group consisting of R¹R²Hal, R¹R²R³AlHM or R¹R²R³BHM, wherein R¹, R², R³ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, C₁₋₈ alkyl, hetero C₁₋₈ alkyl, C₁₋₈ alkoxy, and hetero C₁₋₈ alkoxy, and wherein the term “hetero” in hetero C₁₋₈ alkyl and hetero C₁₋₈ alkoxy means a molecular structure containing 1-8 carbon atoms and 1-3 oxygen or sulfur atoms in the main chain of the molecular structure, and wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Na, Li, K, Ca, and Zn; (3) wherein an excess of reducing agent to GF-I is used; (4) wherein said aprotic solvent is selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, dichloromethane, toluene, di(C₁₋₈ alkyl) ether, C₅₋₈ alkanes, C₃₋₈ cycloalkanes, 1,2-dichloroethane, benzene, substituted benzene, glyme, diglyme, or mixtures thereof;
 14. A process according to claim 1: (1) wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of H and benzyl; (2) wherein said reducing agent is diisobutylaluminum hydride; (3) wherein about 3 to about 4 moles of reducing agent to GF-I is used; (4) wherein said aprotic solvent is selected from the group consisting of dichloromethane, toluene, or mixtures thereof.
 15. A compound GF-II

wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of H, benzyl, substituted benzyl, CH₂OC₁₋₈ alkyl, CH₂OC₃₋₈ cycloalkyl, allyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, substituted tetrahydropyranyl, substituted tetrahydrofuranyl, Si(C₁₋₄ alkyl)₃, and Si(Ph)_(x)(C₁₋₄ alkyl)_(3-x) where x is equal to 1, 2, or
 3. 16. A compound according to claim 15 wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of H and benzyl.
 17. A compound according to claim 15 wherein Y is H.
 18. A compound according to claim 16 wherein Y is benzyl. 